Ventilator



Dec. 14, 194s-, B K, PAGET 2,456,312

VENTILATOR Filed May 24, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 53 RUE n. PAQUET v @wmf Slm-Ng y nu. 14, 194s. B. K. PAGE; 2,456,312

VENTILATOR Filed may 24, 1945 4 sheets-sheet 2 10 @www B. K. PAGET Dec. 14, v1948.

VENTILATOR 4 sheets-sheet 3 Filed May 24, 1945 mmv N. @WOW O N BERNE x. PA GET www De.14,194& B,K,PAGET I 2,456,312

VENTILATon Filed May 24, 1945 f v 4 sheets-sheet 4 SWW/whom BERTIE n. PA Gm Patented Dec. 14, 1948 UNHTED STATESy PATENT OFFICE VENTILA'roR Bertie K. Paget, Detroit, Mich.

Application May 24, 1945, Serial No. 595,547

(c1. sis-42) 6 Claims. 1

This invention relates to ventilators for industrial purposes and more particularly to ventilators of the multi-cell or multi-section unit type, such as disclosed in my Patent No. 2,134,143, October 25, 1938, and my application led February '7, 1944, Serial N0..521,303, of which latterthe present application is a ccntinuation-in-part.

It is among the objects of my invention to provide a ventilator having the advantages with respect to efllciency and operation of said patented ventilator and one which will provide a number of improvements relating `to lowered costs, simplicity in construction, flexibility of use and improved air flow and operating characteristics.

More particularly it is an object of my invention to provide a multi-cell or multi-section unit ventilator wherein a series of ballles and dampers are arranged with respect to each other within the unit so that the dampers in their open position function to prevent wind-blown air from entering the interior of the building which is being ventilated.

It is a further object of my invention to provide continuously extendable multi-cell of multisection unit wherein a series of bailles and dampers are so arranged with respect to eachother, within the unit, that the path of the air or gas moving upwardly through the ventilator between a series of pairs of vertically superposed bailles and dampers is essentially parallel to the path of air or gas moving upwardly through all of the other pairs of bailles and dampers, so as to provide a passageway between each cooperating pair of baflles and dampers which will be especially conducive to a laminated flow of air or gas upwardly through the ventilator.

It is a :further object of the invention to provide a ventilator of a multi-cell type, wherein a series of parallel, inclined ballles are arranged near the bottom of the Ventilating unit, and another series of parallel, inclined bales disposed above the first mentioned series, and inclined in an opposite direction to that of the first series of bailles. A. series of pivoted dampers are arranged above the second series of ballles so that the dampers may be disposed in their open position at an angle to the ballles therebelow which will prevent rain from entering the building being ventilated.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a ventilator according to the preceding objects in which the bailles and dampers are provided with drainage means constructed and arranged to carry drainage water along the lower edges of the dampers and bailles, transversely of the opening being ventilated.

, It is a further object of my invention to provide a multi-cell ventilator according to the preceding objects with an improved damper-operating mechanism constructed and arranged to facilitate the installation of the unit and to houseA the damper-operating mechanism within the unit in a way that will contribute to the ease of operation, low cost and long, eilicient life of the ventilating unit.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a ventilator according to the preceding objects in which the drainage means for thevbaflles is constructed and arranged Yto accommodate and carry away moisture resulting from such condensation as may form on the lower side of the ballles and dampers as well as rain water falling upon the upper side of the baffles.

Further objects and advantages relating to low manufacturing costs, ease in handling, installation, and sturdiness in construction will appear from the following description and the appended drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a top plan View of a multi-cell unit constructed according to my invention;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional View of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional View of the unit;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a baille element;

Figure 5 is a perspective View oa damper element;

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a modified baille element; and

Figure '7 is a detail view illustrating outlet opening in end walls of casing.

In attaining the objects above referred to and the advantages associated therewith, it has been necessary to surmount the disadvantages of many of the commercial units wherein the air streams rising up underneath the ventilator are bifurcated and split into two parts before passing into the open air. With ventilators of this type the free area of the Ventilator, or the area of the opening that can be used, is approximately 40% of the area of the casing.

Now, with the present invention a new principle has been achieved. The air streams, rising up underneath the ventilator, are nested together and segmentally divided in elbow-shaped streams by the two series of oppositely disposed inclined bailles and inclined dampers,

so that ythe streams of air passing through the ventilator take a zig-zag-zig course with all of the several streams separated from each other only by the narrow thickness of the bailles and dampers. This produces a larger Ventilating area within the casing, since the usable space is considerably increased as substantially all barriers to the flow of air are eliminated with the result that there is provided 80% to 95% free area within the limits of the casing.

With the present inyention, 'by providing `.a casing with a series oi inclined baiiles arranged adjacent the bottom of the casing, and a series of inclined baiiles disposed in the casing above the first series of baffles and inclined in a dilenent direction to that of the rst series ofhailes, and a series of dempers mounted above both series of bales, so that the dampers ign (then` fopen iposition are inclined in a direction opposite to that of the second series of baffles, a series of vertical Ventilating passageways are produced throughout the ilength oi the casing. The series of bales and damp-ers are disposed transversely of the casing and preferably -in staggered relation with resp-ect to each other so that the ends thereof are in spaced relation, and resulting lin .provid-ing a series ,of ZigA-Zag-Zig vertical passageways for the air, which passageways have communication with each Aother yat the adjoining ends of the rows of bafiies and dampers.

A marked advantage in the separation of downwardly moving rain from the upwardly 'mov-ing ventilating air stream follows 'from the staggered arrangement of iinolinedbaiiies above referred to. 'il-t will fbe appreciated that as the iventilating air reaches the'outlet of the @rst inclined section of kits travel upward it iis divided into :two para'llel streams. The two parallel .st-teams' move through next lsection of Vtravel upward in a. .dinection nearly normal to the section r-.rst travelled. Alil. .similar result is raccornplislied as the air streams reach the third :section toi .travel defi-ned Eby fthe dempers. vit will be observed that as the moves upwardly through` the ventilator from the inlet of the rst section to the'outlet .of the third section each separate stream is twice divided and partalres of two changes in direction.

The dampers .and cailles are provided with means for draining the rain or water cmsswise and lengthwise thereof to the rroof of the building. Therefore, by this invention the air'rcm with parallel side walls i3 and .end walls 11i.

Generally the unit is arranged Lon a longitudinally extending, rectangular opening termed in the roof of :the building to be ventilated .andthe unit shown in Figur-es l and 2 is proportioned to ventilate an opening.Y 1 k.

It will be appreciated .that the units-may pref- `ear-ailly .be eonstrucd in multiples, of such sizes,

as @length .and width, as best suited for shipping and installation, .and for adaptability to the par tisular .shape or construction of roof.. `also, the units may be installed longitudinally, crosswise,

4and otherwise on the ,roof .and at various angles or ,inclinations to confonn to the contourei the roof. When installed in multiples, the units may be so associated with each other that the mechanism for operating one set or series of dampers may be connected to the other series of dampers of the other units and thereby all series of darnpers may be actuated by a single operating mechanism.

The unit l0 includes two series of inclined baffles l5 .and i6, extending transversely of the unit.

.The ends .of eac-h of the baille plates i5, i6 are preferably formed with anges I1 which may be secured to the side walls I3, i3 by rivets, spotwelding or otherwise. The baffle plates i5 are positioned in the lower section H of the casing lil while the bale plates I6 are located directly 'above the baille plates t5 in the upper section :i2 of .the casing, .these latter baffle plates IB are inclined in a direction opposite to the direction of inclination of the baffles l5 and are so disposed that the lower ends thereof are oiset with respect to 'the upper ends :of lthe `baiiies :15. The lower or 'bottom edge of each of the baies l5 `is provided with .an integrally formed drainage device Ain the form .of a curved bottom wall or .though lill. 'The elements I8 catch any water such .as rain that may `.drain down the surface of the baiiles and direct the water longitudinally of the baiiles to the side wal-ls of the casing 13 where it is .discharged through a notch 20 into a trough 2i Iformed yby the lower .edge of the side walls 1 3 and the longitudinally extending lower rail vor iiashing .strip extension 22. The lower edge of the walls I 3 and i4 .of the section Il is apertured or slotted as at .23 to permit the drainage ywater in the trough 2i to flow outwardly from the sides .and ends of the casing onto the roof of the building.

The lower edges of the baffles I6 are provided with outwardly projecting lips or anges i9, for the purpose of :reinforcing the battles, and serving as deectors or riflles to :insure that the incoming rain `will be slowed up or retarded and Will spill gently over the edge of the lips 119 to arrive eventually at the drainage trough I'B at fthe bottorn of the lower series yof bailles.

The bales l5 and rlanees .1B are provided with notches 40 round at the ends of the flanges i9 and at the 'lower .edge of the bailles adjacent the side walls i3, so that any moist-ure or water may flow longitudinally of the flange I9 onto the side walls is and the-nce down :the side walls .to the drain troughs 2l.

.Arranged above the .baffle plates it of section l2 is a :series of damper elements 24 secured to transversely exten-ding damper rods 25 and are .preferably proportioned at leither side of their fulcrum. The damper rodsare rotatably supported in bearings 2-5 carried by the side walls The dampers in their open position, as shown in Fig-ure 2, are disposed in planes approximately normal to the planes `of the bafe plates therebelow, and as illustrated assume an inclination in substantially the same direction and parallel to the baffle 'plates i5 of section l i. The pivot .points of the dempers are spaced from and arranged with respect to the plane of the upper edge af the bellies I5, i6 so that the dempers and bafes acting together prevent rain 'from entering the building being ventilated.

It will be seen that there is a staggering relation between the two series of baiiies and the series of dempers, so that the adjoining ends vare in spaced relation, so that there is an overlapping of the ends of the bailles of one .series by that of another seriesg ,and a similar `relati.cmship between Iadjoining ends of the baiiies and dempers, so that the several streams are nested together and are separated only by the thickness of the baille plates and dempers. Should rain be falling duringv the ventilation period, the rain would contact the dempers and bailes and be directed over the surfaces thereof and collected by the lips or anges I9 and 26 of the battles I6 and dempers respectively, and troughs I8 and caused todrain transversely of the casing and lengthwise of the baflles and dempers where the rain or water would be delivered to the troughs 2| of the casing I0. The water will ow down the side walls I3 of the cesing from the dempers 24 and baiiies I6 conducted thereto by the iianges I9 and 26 to the troughs ZI Y thereof, while at the same time the rain water would spill over the lips I9 and 26 onto an adjacent lower baille and be finally collected and discharged by the troughs I8 and 2|. In this manner there is a separation of any rain water from the vertically flowing air stream and at the same time insuring against any water entering the building being ventilated.

f, As shown, the lower series of baffles I5 are preferably of greater transverse width than the width of the baliles I6 and dempers 2li and are vthe only baiiles disposed in the lower section II of the casing IIJ. This is important for the purpose of providing a sufficient area for the water entering the casing to ricochet or bounce and eventually to be collected in the troughs I3 and then delivered to the troughs 2|.

The preferred position of the dempers 24 is et the top of the unit. This because condensation, occurring when the dempers are rclosed in the winter, with cold air outside and warm air inside, will, when the droplets of condensation are formed, drip down onto warm baliies, themselves bathed on all sides by warm air and hence free of condensation, and such warm baiiles will then conduct the condensation to the troughs i8, I9, 26. Of course, the dempers could be placed or positioned where the balTles I6 are located and these bafiies I6 located at the top of the section I2, and like results would be attained.

As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 the several dempers 24 are connected to one or more rails 27, extending longitudinally of the casing ID by vears 28. Pivot pins 29 passing through the ears 28 and rails 2I` for pivotally connecting the dampers to the rails. Journalled at one end of the casing is a rock shaft 30 to which each of the rails are connected by links 3|, 32. The rock shaft is adapted to be operated by a wheel 33 through suitable gearing, not shown, for opening and closing the dempers. The dampers when in the closed position shown in Figure 1 afford means for keeping snow, ice and other foreign matter from entering the ventilator.

The dempers 24 are provided with lips or iianges 26 at their respective ends, with a lip at one end extending at an angle from the damper while the other lip extends at an angle in the opposite direction. The lips 26 engage with adjacent dempers when the dempers are in a closed positionv to provide'a proper seal'between the dempers, 'and the lips or `ilanges on the end dempers engage with a flange 34 on the wall of the casing. f i

This is accomplished 'by having the dempers proportioned at either side of their pivot, and thatwhen the dempers are in open position, the dempers and bailles are proportioned with respect 'toeach other to Iprevent rain from enteringthe openinglbetween the'lower edges of the baiiles.

The lower section II of the casing. I0 is pro- .videdacross one-end with adownwardly inclined skirt oriange 35 fo-r directing any water or moisture that'mey be `discharged thereonfrorn the dempers to the lower series of bailes.

In the construction of baflle I5, I6 of Figure 6, the `lower edge 'thereof .may be provided with an integrally formed drainage device comprising the side wall38 and a ourvedbottom wall or trough I8. :.The side wall 38 is formed with. a series of staggered louvers 39 so-that moisture condensed on the lower side of the baille may run down said lower side and into the louvers LIt!) and. thence into the trough E8 formed by the curved bottom well. Rain water impinged uponV the upper side of the baffle mayvrun downwardly into the trough formed by the bottom wall I8.

What I claim is: k l

-1. rA ventilator comprising a rectangular substantiallyhorizontelly disposed casing, ar series of inclined baiiles mounted near the bottom of the casingr dividing the upwardly moving ventilating airfinto a series of parallel air streams,

la second series of vinclined bailles mounted in the casing. above theiirstv named series and oiset horizontally with respect thereto and inclined in aldirection opposite to the inclination of said rst mentioned series of bellies so as to divide the Ventilating air at the outlet of the said iirst series, and a third series of inclined balles above the second, series similarlyoffset to divide the venti- .lating airy et the outletv of the second series and conduct such air to the atmosphere, means associated with. atleast one series r'of baiiles for collecting any wateriiowing over said bellies and means for disposing ofthe water collected by said irst-mentioned means. y

- 2. A ventilator comprising a casing having side walls and open top and` bottom walls, a Aseries of inclined baffles mounted on the sidewalls near the bottom well of the-casing for `dividingthe upwardly moving air into a series of parallel air streams, a .second `series of inclined bellies zmounted. in the casing above the first named series and offset horizontally with respect thereto `and inclined in a ldirection opposite to the inclination of said rst mentioned series of baies soI as .to divide the airstreams at the outlet yof said Yfirst series and de,- ect the flow of the air streams at an angle to the flow of air through the rst series of bellies,

`and a third series of inclined bales mounted in the casing above the second series and similarly offset to divide the air streams at the outlet of the second series of baiiies and deiiect the flow of said air streams at an angle to the flow of air through the second series and conduct the air streams therethrough to the atmosphere, means associated with at least one series of bellies for collecting any water iiowing over said bales and means for disposing of the Water collected by said rst-mentioned means.

3. A ventilator comprising a casing having side and end walls and open top and bottom walls producing a passageway lengthwise and transwersely of the casing, a series of substantially parallel inclined .baies extending transversely of the rcasing, another series of substantially parallel inclined baiiies extending transversely of the casing :and disposed above the :rst series with .the baliies thereof iinciined ina direction opposite to the direction 4of :inclination of the rst .series of ibamos, -a series of dempers located kin the casing above said :second series of bailles for forming a closure orzsaid casing "when in closed position land .disposed at an inclination `when in open position `at :an angle tothe position .of said second .seriesof baiiles, said .series of baiiies and dampers each havingfthe edges thereof in overlapping relation, said series of bailles and ldampers thereby producing a plurality of air passages 'through said casing so that air flowing through said ycasing ilowsin a plurality of lnested streams which have communication lwith each other at the ends of said bailles vand dampers means on said iirst mentioned series of battles for collecting water flowing over said bailles, and means fordisposing of the Water collected iby said first-mentioned means.

4. A ventilator comprising a casing having side and end walls and fopen top and 'bottom Walls, a series of substantially parallel inclined 'bailles extending transversely of the casing, another serieso substantially parallel `incline'ed bailles extending transversely volf the Ycasing and `dis-posed above therrst series with `the bailles thereof inclined in a direction opposite to the direction of inclination ofv the -first series of battles, a series of dampers located in the casing above said second series'of baiiies for forming a closure tor said casingwhen "in closed position and disposed atan inclination when in `operi position :at yan angle'ito the position of said second series of baiiles, said series of bellies and dampers yeach having the edges thereof in spaced relation to the-edges of `an adoining series of Abailles, and dampers, and having the edges thereof in overlapping relation, -said series of battles and dampers thereby producing a plurality of air passages through said casing :so that air iiow'ing through said 'casing r'flows `in e, plurality of nested streams which have communication with each other at the ends of :said baflles and dempers, and means associated with a series of baies and dampers for collecting any kwater flowing over said bailles and ldampers' and `means *for disposing of the 'water collected by said first mentioned means.

` A ventilator comprising a having side and end -Walls and open top and bottom lwalls, a series of substantially parallel inclined bailles extending transverselyoi the casing, another series of substantially parallel inclined baiiies -extending'transversely of the casing and `disposed above 'the rst lseries with the bailies thereof in- :cli-ned in v,a direction opposite -to the direction of inclination of the first series -of baffles, a third .series ofv substantially parallel inclined bales .located in the casing above said second .series of baies and disposed at an inclination to the position of -said second series of baffles, said series of baiiies collectively producing a plurality of tortuous .air passages therebetween and through said casing so that air owing through said casing flows in a plurality of nested streams, one of :said .series yof bafiles being pivotally mounted in said casing for forming a closure therefor when said `ioaiiies are in closed position and performing as .baliies when in open position, means associated with :the bailles of at least one series Afor collecting any Water flowing over said series of baiiies, and means for disposing of the water collected by said iirst mentioned means.

6. A ventilator comprising a casing having side 4and end walls and open top and bottom Walls, troughs disposed along the lower edges of said lside walls, said .side and end Walls provided with Vopenings communicating with said troughs for draining water from the troughs to the roof of the building, a. series of substantially parallel inclined baffles extending transversely of the casing, another series of substantially parallel inclined `ba'iiies extending transversely of the casing and disposed above the first series with the bafiles thereof inclined inv a direction opposite to the direction of inclination of the first series of baflles, a kthird series of substantially parallel inclined bai-lies located in the `casing above said second series of baiiies and disposed at an inclination to the position of said second series of baffles, said series of baffles collectively producing a plurality of tortuous air passages therebetween and through said casing so that air flowing through said casing ows in a plurality of nested streams, and means on said bellies for collecting the water iiowing over said bailies and for conducting the water to the sides of the casing for delivery tothe troughs on the side walls of the casing.

BERTIE K. PAGET.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 'Number Name Date 1,323,978 Gebhardt Dec. 2, 1919 l2,134,143 Paget Oct. 25, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 7,382 'Great Britain Apr. 11, 1893 341,556 Great Britain Jan. 22, 1931 

